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Epithelia will be discussed according to the following scheme:
| Type
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Number of layers
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Shape
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Line drawing
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| Covering and Lining epithelium
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Simple
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Squamous
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| Cuboidal
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| Columnar
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| Pseudostratified
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| Stratified
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Squamous
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| Cuboidal
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| Columnar
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| Urothelium (transitional)
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| Type
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Function
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Cells
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Arrangement
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Shape
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Example
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| Glandular epithelium
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Exocrine
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Unicellular
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| Multicellular
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Simple
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tubular
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| alveolar
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| Compound
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tubular
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| tubulo-alveolar
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| alveolar
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| Endocrine
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Unicellular
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| Multicellular
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Cords
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| Islets
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| Acini
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| Follicles
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You should be able to:
- Describe the basement membrane and its components.
- Classify epithelial tissue, using cell shape, stratification and surface specialisations.
- Recognise covering, lining and glandular epithelial.
- Distinguish between and classify exocrine and endocrine glands and unicellular and multi-cellular glands.
- Give examples of and explain the structure, function and location of epithelial tissue.
Each specimen must be studied as follows:
- General structure
- The number of cell layers, i.e. squamous or stratified.
- The differences in size and shape of these cells i.e. squamous, cuboidal, columnar etc.
- Cell borders – visible or not.
- Position of the cells in relation to each other and the underlying basal lamina.
- Nature of the free or luminal surface e.g. ciliated, brush border etc.
- Presence of glands and hair.
- Types of glands present e.g. single cell, simple, tubular etc.
- Cell structure
- Nucleus
- Staining reaction and degree of granularity of chromatin.
- Position in the cell.
- Shape and size.
- Shape and size in comparison to the shape and size of the cell.
- Cytoplasm
- General appearance and texture.
- Staining reaction.
- Presence of inclusions such as prominent granules, vacuoles, pigments etc.
Slides for this week
For each slide, complete the work as listed below. Completing the whole slide will assist you in understanding and retention. For each slide, allocate an A3 spread in your workbook. Remember to add the slide and its page number to the index in the front of the book.
- Exocrine
- Endocrine
For an overview of the endocrine glands, see the Endocrine System. At this point, you can skip over the other glands, and focus on the arrangement of the glandular epithelium of each of the tissues listed below.
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Calibration
- Name the 3 main cell groups, according to shape.
- What is the difference between stratified and pseudostratified epithelium?
- Name and define the 4 types of epithelial secretion.
- Name an example of tumours of epithelial cells.
- Name an example of tumours of glandular epithelial cells.
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